DME Journal of Law

Artificial Intelligence Governance and Legal Regulation: Emerging Trends and Challenges

Dr. Manindra Singh Hanspal — 2026-06-30

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of governance, economics and law. Governments employ algorithmic technologies for taxes, social welfare, law enforcement and health care, and private platforms control information and labour markets. This growth has led to a regulatory challenge. Technological innovation proceeds through processing data, training algorithms. Legislative regulation progresses through more time-consuming regulatory mechanisms. This paper explores the field through a doctrinal analysis of legal and regulatory initiatives, such as the European Union AI Act, OECD AI Principles, US executive model and the Indian position under the DPDP Act and NITI Aayog. The paper highlights four recurring issues of accountability and responsibility, bias and discrimination, data governance and regulatory fragmentation. The paper links empirical research trends to legal issues. Richness in the use of ethics and governance terms and scantiness in the doctrinal work on liability and enforcement is noted. The paper recommends a comprehensive regulatory approach with a chain of risk-based classification, impact assessments and sectoral regulatory measures. The novelty is the combination of bibliometric analysis and legal analysis to offer regulators, academics and practitioners an overview of the state of AI governance and its direction.

Navigating IPR Disputes through ADR Mechanism- Study of public policy perspective

Gurpreet Kaur — 2026-06-30

Intellectual property disputes were often resolved through traditional courts. However,
in recent years, parties have increasingly turned to alternative dispute resolution
methods, such as arbitration and mediation, to resolve these types of disputes.
This shift has been prompted by the success of domain name dispute resolution
procedures like the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). These
procedures have made it possible for trademark owners to protect their marks on
the internet. Due to the success of domain name dispute resolution procedures,
trademark owners can now safeguard their marks on the internet. Alternative dispute
resolution (ADR) is widely supported in both developed and developing nations
due to its informal procedures, cost-effectiveness, and reduced time commitment.
ADR encompasses several methods, including arbitration, mediation, negotiation,
conciliation, and collaborative law, which is globally used in voluntary conflict
settlement procedures outside of court rules. The range of ADR approaches enables
flexibility in resolving disputes between parties. Negotiations and mediation, which
are less confrontational, enable parties to settle disputes in continuing commercial
relationships without the need for a factfinder, an evidential or legal review, a decision
of the validity of underlying claims, or any other substantive procedural requirements.

Impact of Technology on Globalization in the Digital Era

Aditya Singhα — 2026-06-30

This study is critical of the performance of technology in defining global distributive
justice, and it focuses on how the exacerbating effects of technologies reinforce
economic disparities between developed and less developed countries. In the wake
of accelerating digitalisation, the study investigates how unequal chances in access
to technologies complicate the constitutive pillars of global justice and fairness.
It interrogates how the global justice system is exploited through technological
disparities and analyzes the implications of the disparities in a world that is increasingly
interconnected and unequal. It is driven by three fundamental objectives: (1)
determining how technology perpetuates global distributive injustices; (2) assessing
the extent to which technological expansion extends economic disparities; and (3)
scrutinizing the role of global governance in rectifying such disparities. It responds to
pertinent questions of adequacy of global systems in ensuring technological equity
and justice. Adopting a qualitative doctrinal approach, it combines thematic analysis,
the use of cases, and legal-policy analysis to examine digital sovereignty and the issue
of governance. Overall, the study adds to global discourses by providing solutions in
the form of strategies for equitable technological growth and calling for inclusive
systems of governance that would ensure that technologies serve as instruments of
global justice in lieu of causing injustices to deepen further.

The Role of Law in Combating Gender-Based Violence: Challenges and Legal Reforms for Gender Equality

Monalisha Khatun — 2026-06-30

The article discusses the rationale of legal frameworks concerning the fight against
gender-based violence (GBV) and gender equality. Despite this significant step
towards the actualisation of the fact that GBV is a severe violation of human rights,
many legal systems across the entire world have not been capable of giving real
preventative and responsive solutions to the vice of violence. This paper discusses
the existing legislations which aim at combating GBV and how the loopholes and
failures are hindering the implementation and performance of the legislations. It
further compares the socio-cultural or institutional barriers that affect access by the
survivors to the law. This research unveils effective measures and best practises that
have enabled legal intervention in GBV by comparison analysis of other legal reforms.
The significance of the research introduces the necessity of having such legal changes
so thorough not only to criminalise instances of gender-based violence, but also to
accommodate survivor-oriented measures, strengthen enforcement mechanisms,
and take it a step further to make the judiciary and law enforcers gender sensitive.
As a solution to these, the law can play a radical role in eradicating this inequality
(gender) in the system and creating safer and more equal societies. In conclusion, it
is suggested in this study that unitary law and a unitary law and policy system should
be considered in this study as one of the theories to be used in terms of fighting the
gender-based violence.

Caste, Kinship, and Reproductive Autonomy: Constitutional Challenges to Family Control over Women’s Reproductive Decisions

Shikha Vasishta — 2026-06-30

This article examines the relationship between caste and kinship as they relate to
women’s ability to make decisions about their own reproduction. It utilizes a sociolegal
framework to demonstrate that decisions regarding women’s reproduction
are frequently determined by family and caste based systems instead of simply
being the product of individual decision making. Although the Indian Constitution
recognizes reproductive freedom as a fundamental right (Article 21) that falls under
the umbrella of privacy, dignity and bodily integrity (Suchita Srivastava v. Chandigarh
Administration; K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India), many women experience the
coercive actions of their families, specifically when it comes to family-based castes.
It posits that patrilineal inheritance patterns, son preference, family marriage
expectations, and the authority of a woman’s husband or in-laws all serve as extralegal
mechanisms of reproductive governance that significantly undermine women’s
decisional autonomy. It draws upon empirical evidence, including studies from Uttar
Pradesh and other North Indian contexts that document reproductive coercion in
the form of pressure regarding contraception, pregnancy timing, and childbirth,
the paper demonstrates how caste and kinship operate as structural sites of rights
infringement. It argues that the legal discussions surrounding reproductive rights in
India need to evolve away from solely focusing on a state-centred view of reproductive
rights violations towards recognizing the family as a significant site of reproductive
coercion. Further, it concludes by advocating stronger doctrinal recognition of familial
reproductive coercion within constitutional and domestic violence jurisprudence to
ensure substantive, rather than merely formal, reproductive autonomy.

Digital Consciousness and Sustainable Consumption Among Generation Z in India: A Socio-Legal Analysis of Corporate Accountability in The Digital Marketplace

Divyanshi Shukla — 2026-06-30

The rise of digital ecosystems has changed the consumption patterns of Generation
Z in India, making them a socially conscious, ecologically aware, and digitally savvy
generation. Digital consciousness, informed by digital activism, algorithmic exposure,
and participatory digital culture, has been a strong driver of Gen Z’s attitudes toward
sustainable living. At the same time, this quest for ethical consumption cuts across
legal regimes relating to consumer protection, corporate accountability, environmental
governance, and digital transparency. This paper critically probes the extent to which
Indian law supports or inhibits sustainable consumption in the digital marketplace,
particularly in light of misinformation, greenwashing, and nontransparent corporate
practices. The paper indicates the dire need for more developed accountability
mechanisms to translate the sustainability concerns of Gen Z into structural change
through an analysis of statutory instruments, judicial developments, scholarship,
and market trends.

Media, Mind, and Market Exploring the Psychological and Cultural Drivers of Generation Z’s Consumer Behaviour

Anu Kharwar — 2026-06-30

Generation Z represents a transformative consumer segment shaped by rapid
technological advancement, pervasive social media influence, and global cultural
integration. Their consumption behaviour reflects notable shifts in both physiological
and cultural dimensions. Continuous exposure to fast-paced digital environments has
influenced attention spans, reward processing, and sensory engagement, fostering
a preference for immediacy and visually oriented content. Culturally, Generation Z
prioritises authenticity, sustainability, and inclusivity, seeking brands that resonate
with personal identity and collective social values. Drawing on a systematic review of
contemporary literature encompassing theoretical, contextual, and methodological
perspectives, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors shaping Gen
Z’s consumption behaviour. It further explores the interaction between digital-age
physiological adaptations and evolving cultural norms, highlighting the central role of
media in driving psychological and cultural transformations in consumer behaviour.

Deaf Women in India: A Critical Overview of the Legal Framework through Right Based and Intersectionality Theories

Sreedurga T. N — 2026-06-30

The disability law framework in India is based on the right- based approach to disability
which entitles all disabled persons with rights and recognition in par with all other
people. However, the global disability laws often did not consider the differences
within the disabled community and viewed them as a homogenous group. The
intersectionality theory however views the problems of marginalised groups in
intersection with the multiple identities they possess. Therefore, the problems of
deaf women should be viewed in the intersection of disability, gender and cultural
identities. This paper is a study to examine the issues of rights of deaf women in IndiaThe disability law framework in India is based on the right- based approach to disability
which entitles all disabled persons with rights and recognition in par with all other
people. However, the global disability laws often did not consider the differences
within the disabled community and viewed them as a homogenous group. The
intersectionality theory however views the problems of marginalised groups in
intersection with the multiple identities they possess. Therefore, the problems of
deaf women should be viewed in the intersection of disability, gender and cultural
identities. This paper is a study to examine the issues of rights of deaf women in India right-based approach.